On concrete and mortars

The new production of wall blocks in size 500h200h300 mm arbolita in August this year, started work at full capacity in the Pskov region. It opened the Russian company "Dobrodyeyi", the press service of the company. Arbolitovyh similar industries in the country until very much. The main supply of Pskov arbolita will focus on building low environmental teplosberehayuschyh buildings in Moscow region and close to its regions. The volume of production, calculated monthly support several construction projects. The new website "Dobrodyeyi» arbolit.net provides comparative characteristics: cost of materials for the building of arbolita 2-3 times lower than in the house of bricks, in the same time lower the cost of installing a building that comes with arbolitovyh blocks. Using arbolita to get elnuyu means saving money and building materials during construction, which is especially important in conditions of rising prices and shortages of mineral resources for their production. Arbolit (GOST 19 222-84), or as it is called, derevobeton increasingly positioning experts as a promising material, though known for a long time.

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Ability to build facilities in the shortest possible time is one of the most important factors in modern construction. Another role plays and such criteria as cost of the work. New low-rise building construction system, developed by German company "Hebel Magdeburg GMBH & Co. ", To fully meet these requirements. The system is based on the use of large blocks of penobloka. Since penobloka made only from natural components - quartz sand, destroy, cement and water, it rightfully belongs to the category of environmental issues. Blocks izhotavlyayutsya with patented technology that provides education since the structure of the material.

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Report of the Chief Engineer NIEPHP Institute BELNIYIS " R. I. Vihdorchyka Experience designing and construction of buildings for different purposes based on frame-svyazevyh skeletons mVb-01, September 22 made it to the international scientific-technical conference "The multi-building monolithic and precast-monolithic frameworks. Passed more than 6 years after the former GOSSTROY the initiative of the Government of the Republic of Belarus Republic of scientific and technical program "Light House". Then 6 years ago, the institute "BELNIYIS" originated the idea of prefabricated monolithic frame a completely new design, which, according to the "Light House" was drawn to weapons specialists Institute Belproyekt "when designing their experimental 4-storey residential building, which now already built in Minsk neighborhood Olshanka-6. So long construction period - a result nerehulyarnosti its funding. As used zhiz not stand still during this period, the idea found full frame real contours, confirming their competitiveness and viability of the design and construction of buildings for different purposes. Each re-projected and one that is built using the frame system mVb-01 object shows the advantages of this framework in comparison with the known frame systems. Developed by the Institute BELNIYIS "prefabricated monolithic frame universal, is with those produced by Belarusian plants construction industry products, has a limited range of structures (columns and bahatopustotna plate) that are, easy to install. What are these objects? It houses various storeys in Gomel, Minsk, Novgorod, Odessa, Svetlogorsk, seven and two-story garage in Moscow, five-story parking garage, in Minsk, shestypoverhova administrative building of Gazprom in Moscow, five-storey hospital in Brest, two-storey shop in Minsk. This customer-investors whenever tempted to get a free lightweight and comfortable, the appointment of different space-planning decisions, which cost below the cost of traditional wall and frame systems. Experience in designing and constructing new buildings on the basis of prefabricated monolithic frame of mVb-01 gave additional impetus to further improve the space-planning and technical solutions to the carcass, which reduces its materialomistkist labor and its installation, as well as expanding its architectural features. The design and construction of a 4-storey apartment building in Novgorod was used eye frame 7,2 x7, 2 m, which allowed to perform all future planning wishes of tenants. (Recall that a house in Vilshantsi eye is 6.0 x6, 0 m). But the construction of 7-storey garage in Moscow at the invitation of specialists BELNIYIS and Gomel ASMT number 27 was changed compared to when used in building construction technology Vilshantsi mounting frame. For those that support the floor slabs to concrete bridges metalliches hah that navishuyutsya the columns, was applied the system of metal struts and wooden runs.

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Belarus - no comfortable place for doing construction work. There are too many slushy periods when the outside air temperature with an enviable quickness jumping through zero zastavlyayuchy materials subjected to very harmful to these cycles of freezing and thawing. This kind of labor. It is in many construction organizations are hesitant to dismiss even frost on the implementation of wet processes. They say, during winter downtime can thoroughly forgotten craft. "Made in Belarus" In short, the wise local professionals have many reasons to look appropriate to local conditions decision. Solutions vary the total absence of wet processes, or at least their minimum limits. To process vidvalyuvalasya not even during construction, so no cap on zyayaly pasnymi for the whole structure diramy to whitish spots not psuvaly appearance and technical quality of the walls and so on and so on to other things new ways, of course, is supposed to be inexpensive . It is noteworthy that recently enjoyed a number of these and other painful problems of building bye to new vibropresovanyy concrete block called "zigzag". He invented and patented the Belarusian specialists. Thus, new products in all one hundred characteristics fitting "Made in Belarus". The next level of new unit - the next level of development vibropresovanyh concrete products, which include blocks, bricks and paving tiles. In the country of their production began in mid-1994 in Minsk plant "Besser-Belarus". Vibropressing in this case - is ramming of concrete mixture in the molds for vibropresses. This technology is efficient, has a high measure of automation to work hard, ie has low vodotsementne on tnosheniye, concrete and ensures high durability and frost resistance of products. What then prydyvylysya Belarusian consumers "besserovskye" product was made, and other enterprises. Among them - "BelAmKan", "Minskzhelezobeton", "Promhrazhdanstroy. Vibropresovanyy found fully use concrete in construction. This mixing and facing walls of buildings and constructions of different sizes and purposes, this fencing balconies and loggias, a device retaining walls and fences, the different types of paving. Disadvantages of conventional options at the same time, traditional concrete products vibropresovaniy certain inherent deficiencies that limit its use in construction purposes. Thus, blocks, originally proposed for lining up 390h190h190 mm are very difficult and expensive. In this regard, was established first issue facing product thickness (width) 140 mm, and then - 90 mm. In addition, insufficient reliable statochno presented two options for running external walls lined with the usual vibropresovanyh blocks. First - Double layer wall (inner layer - with hazosylikatnyh masonry blocks). Second - the three-layer wall (inner layer - masonry with bricks, the middle - with efficient heater). The reason - low paropronitsayemost lining, causing the danger of excessive accumulation of moisture in thicker walls. It will be recalled that in the cold season is intense diffusion of water vapor in warm rooms outside, and penetrate a couple of bad plays while facing role Vapor barrier. Pair before it condenses, and the wall becomes a crude, which worsens the technical condition of the walls and sanitary conditions. A freezing and thawing of moisture this entails the destruction as an efficient heater and Gazosilikat. "Swallow Tail" So, the birth of a new structural variant vibropresovanoho block thickness 90 mm, called "zigzag", presented to the market in 2006, had an objective rationale. The distinguishing feature "zigzag" - a vertical slot-type "Swallow Tail", which is located on its inner (back) side, and shaped cross-section. Hence, by the way, and the firm name of the product. Due to this, seemingly insignificant constructive innovations were made possible, first, lining "in attributing" (with the formation of ventilated air layer) and, secondly, setting blocks without mortar joints in masonry.

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Concrete is a long time has been and remains one of the most widely used materials in construction. However, the word "concrete" are often associated with the panel buildings or, at best, modern frame-monolithic designs. On other versions of this material in construction mentioned infrequently. However, such options exist. In this article we again appeal to foreign experience, this time related to the problem of extending the use of concrete. Povnozbirni concrete pitched roof of concrete elements for use of pitched roofs is liquid and maloposhyrenym decision. However, in some cases it seems best. A typical example from this field: the foundation and walls of buildings that are made of massive concrete structures (which obuslov Lena specific requirements of the project - insulation, shumozaschytnymi, pozharozaschytnymi etc.) capable of withstanding very heavy roof structure with a cheaper concrete elements. In addition to the option device when in use concrete roof rafter construction in conjunction with standard conventional roofing materials, option using povnozbirnyh roofing systems with concrete. Povnozbirna construction is finished on farm and plate.

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Choice of materials and construction of walls depends on many factors. Here and climatic conditions, and resolve architectural buildings, and finally, the availability of local construction materials, their physical and MECHANICAL and economic indicators. Lifetime homes largely determines the durability of walls. Yes, exterior walls must have the appropriate standards as heat, frost have to be steam-and air-tight, ie at any time in the years to provide facilities required treatment temperature humidity. It is essential to external and internal walls possessed some soundproofing properties, and selected materials and construction meet all technical requirements. Thermal resistance depends on the multi-wall thickness and thermal conductivity of the material of each layer. If humidity increases wall materials, their thermal properties deteriorate.

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